Past Perfect

FORM

[had + past participle]

Examples:

• You had studied English before you moved to New York.
• Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
• You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

Complete List of Past Perfect Forms

USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Past

The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.

Examples:

• I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
• Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
• Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
• She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
• Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
• We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.
• A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
  B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.

USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous Verbs)

With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.

Examples:

• We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
• By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
• They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.

Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.

IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect

Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessary.

Example:

• She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.

MOREOVER

If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can be used instead of the Past Perfect when "before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before" and "after" actually tell you what happens first, so the Past Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are correct.

Examples:

• She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
• She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.

HOWEVER

If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a specific time, Past Perfect is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here Past Perfect is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific time. For this reason, Simple Past cannot be used.

Examples:

• She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct
• She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:

• You had previously studied English before you moved to New York.
• Had you previously studied English before you moved to New York?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:

• George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's license. Active
• Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his mechanic's license. Passive

Exercise on Past Perfect Simple

Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect simple).

1. The storm destroyed the sandcastle that we (build) .
2. He (not / be)  to Cape Town before 1997.
3. When she went out to play, she (do / already)  her homework.
4. My brother ate all of the cake that our mum (make) .
5. The doctor took off the plaster that he (put on)  six weeks before.
6. The waiter brought a drink that I (not / order) .
7. I could not remember the poem we (learn)  the week before.
8. The children collected the chestnuts that (fall)  from the tree.
9. (he / phone)  Angie before he went to see her in London?

She (not / ride)  a horse before that day

Good Look!!

Books 2

Harry Potter 7: As you know Dombledore died in the 6th book. Well, it leaves alegacy to Harry, Ron and Hermione as well which leaves Harry's mission to destroy the Horcruxes. Well, the fact is that Harry, Ronand Hermione return to Hogwarts not, but they come to tourpossible sites where Voldemort could have hidden the Horcruxes.
In this way the book basically goes, but Voldemort is obsessed with killing Harry and begins to find a wand to kill Harry, who is one of the Deathly Hallows, but harry already has two other relics.
But anyway the idea is to read the book XP!

Books

El Principito: In this book, a pilot is lost in the desert of Sahara, after having had a breakdown in his plane. Then a little prince. In theirconversations with him, the narrator reveals his own vision ofhuman stupidity and the simple wisdom of children that mostpeople lose when they grow up and become adults. The story is accompanied by illustrations drawn by the author. The Little Prince lives on a small planet, Asteroid B-612, whichhas three volcanoes (two active and one not) and a rose. He spends his days taking care of your planet, and removing the baobab trees that are constantly trying to take root there. Enable them to grow, trees be leaving your planet into pieces. One day he decides to leave his planet, perhaps tired of the accusations and claims of the rose, to explore other worlds. Takea migration of birds to your journey and travel the universe is andvisit six planets, each inhabited by a character: a king, a vain man, a drunkard, a businessman, a lamplighter and a geographer, which, in its way, demonstrate that become empty of people when they become adults. The last character before it, the geographer, recommendstraveling to a specific planet, Earth, among other experienceswhere the aviator just knowing that we had already mentioned,was lost in the desert.  Makes us believe that Prince is a children's story as it is very easy to read and understand, the language is simple but poetic, descriptive, but as we go on reading, you realize the scanner it is a work with great teachings for adults and many mysteries. The prince not only illustrates the different events that we human beings have needs, but shows how are you influencing people's behavior, it is observed in all the characters involved in King Purple (desire to), the Vain , the drinker (representing our vices), the businessman (representing the little time we have for the important things and hold onto the job without a sense), the Lighthouse and the lamplighter (The monotony in making our life falls routine), the old man of great books (knowledge is important, but given the experience of age), snake (roguery), Rose (modesty) and Fox (friendship and love), all the characters represent one or several stages of human beings who have gone or are going through today. I would like to mention 2 of the characters caught my attention in this beautiful journey of planets:* The Little Prince: Little man, like a child with golden hair, persistent and very inquisitive, loves and enjoys simple things like sunsets, and the thirst for knowledge of life.* The Fox: Character wise, charismatic, passionate and above all patient and prudent.What is essential is invisible to the eye. The path for all the planets, it was necessary for the prince came to know the secret that would make him understand the essence of his life, so it is with us in our lives we go through many situations and many people are not always which we desire in our lives, but in the course of our lives are special people, that's where the feelings, love can not be seen with eyes, we must prepare ourselves to see with the heart, learn to tame and be tamed. That is why men find it so difficult now friends lost sight of this point and selfishness that we grasp illogical nonsense. If you find someone you think is compatible with you, let yourself be tamed to share and understand the essence of love, since we can not love what you do not know either love of friendship, brotherly love and parental love partner, must be tame and let us see with the eyes of the heart, and only succeeded in being intensely happy, otherwise spend looking for love until the last day of our lives, without finding it.

News 2

Millionaire compensation to people burned with "churros explosives" The Supreme Court made a strong conviction against a newspaper company for about $ 85 million for 13 of the 15 people who claimed to be injured by cooking churros as directed by a magazine .The Supreme Court confirmed that the Consortium Newspaper Company (COPES) must pay a compensation of about $ 85 million for moral damages and equity to 13 people who were with serious injuries following the steps in a recipe published in-house magazine .In a unanimous decision, it was determined that the firm should compensate 13 of the 15 initial plaintiffs direct and moral damage caused by a recipe for making churros, which was published in the supplement of the newspaper La Tercera Women, the July 25, 2004 .The court rejected the appeals filed by two plaintiffs who were dismissed to pay compensation.Also confirmed the responsibility of the defendant in the recipe without verifying that cause problems and, in certain oil and mix temperatures caused the violent explosion of the mass, which caused several injuries in the hands, arms and other body parts makers up following the instructions.The decision of the Supreme Court affirms the responsibility of the newspaper company by spreading the recipe without checking to cause problems.This liability was established by Judge Ximena Diaz Guzman, the 17th Civil Court of Santiago in the first instance ruling of January 24, 2008 (because roles 10081-2004) and was confirmed by the Court of Appeals of Santiago, September 4, 2009 (because roles from 1849 to 2008)."This sentence, appreciating the expert report (...) according to the rules of sound criticism, offered as proof the fact that the recipe" step by step churros sauce dish, "published by the Women Supplement No. 1137, the daily La Tercera on Sunday July 25, 2004 caused the damage experienced by the actors (...) In this species, this statement is proven the guilt or lack of diligence by the defendant on the merits of the same expert report ", says the report.The ruling added that "the actors were not exposed above reckless damage, since it has been established (...) that in practice churros recipe with flour, baking powder, with the mass at a temperature between 22 ° C and 24 ° C and frying in oil at an initial temperature of 250 ° C, as violent explosions that reach the ceiling splash and bathe at that place. This damage, faithfully following the recipe published in the newspaper, it is not may have prevented it. "I think these people should not cook for you and me do not know how I love churros and better if not exploited so that I have to bring me my mouth, so no I have to work.

here's a tutorial on how to make churros to make them awkward but not as those who can not do anything and just burn!

News

Aylwin Pinera meets at La Moneda and declared her "admirer" This is the first of the President will hold meetings with their predecessors. From Michelle Bachelet environment confirmed that the former governor and accepted the invitation.For about an hour extended the meeting between former President Patricio Aylwin and President Sebastián Piñera, in the framework of the round of talks that the president will deal with its predecessors, the political, the economic crisis and international relations.The former head of state, 93, entered the palace by the underground garage at 12:00 hours, without comment and went immediately to the office of Piñera.Upon receipt, the President expressed his "special love, respect and admiration" for the contribution, he said, Aylwin made a "recovery and consolidation of our democracy."The former president also thanked the words and expressed his admiration for Piñera. "Heartily reciprocate your concepts, very generous to me and you know you have a fan of me," he said.These meetings, by decision of the President, are private, ie, without ministers and advisers.One issue that is considered key in the Palace is on international relations, since the next year begins on trial in The Hague by the maritime boundary claim filed by Peru and Bolivia the possibility that their aspiration judicialice an outlet to the Pacific Ocean with sovereignty.After the appointment, Piñera said he heard "the findings and suggestions that reflect the experience and knowledge of Patricio Aylwin.""We had a meeting very friendly, very cordial, we have an old friendship. I had with the parents of the President and I have kept him and his wife. I have great respect and was a pleasant conversation," said Aylwin.Meanwhile, former President Ricardo Lagos, will come to the palace on Thursday, while the former Head of State, Eduardo Frei will do the same in January.In the case of Michelle Bachelet, although their presence in the palace remained in doubt, due to scheduling complications, finally María Angélica Alvarez, one of his closest advisers, confirmed that the former president accepted the invitation.Under the current general coordinator of the Dialogue Foundation, the visit would take place next week.The truth is not what you think meinteresa much Aylwin, only to Piñera is very good president and I admire him a lot.

Movies and Cinema 3

The Twilight Saga: Eclipse 

Superman Returns

Movies and Cinema 2

Eclipse: Victoria is creating an army with neophytes (newly converted vampire) to kill Bella and the Cullens.


- The Cullen suspected and start training. Werewolves join themto train and learn to fight against vampires.


- Meanwhile Edward-Bella love triangle-Jacob. Jacob kissesBella and she hits him in the face, breaking his arm. Later, Bellaasks Jacob to kiss the back. Edward tells q q choose what to let her choose freely choose.


- Bella wants to lose her virginity to Edward but he says no, you first have to get married.


- Victoria and her army Forx arrive and battle begins. Victoria and her army are killed by the vampires and wolves, but the Volturi arrive. The Volturi remember they did a deal, and must be converted to Bella.


- Jacob bruised left alone after the battle, Bella tells him that can only be friends.


- The date of the conversion of fixed Bella into a vampire after herwedding with the Cullen
Cast: Kristen Stewart
Robert Pattinson
Taylor Lautner
Ashley Greene
Jackson Rathbone
I love this movie, just for the vampire theme, I've always called theattention of science fiction films and this is one of my favorites ♥